Aktualizacija aspektualnych znacenij v vyskazyvanii. Na materiale russkogo i bolgarskogo jazykov

This article examines some mechanisms of mutual influence between various grammatical subsystems shaping the aspectual profile of Russian and Bulgarian utterances. Special attention is paid to three questions: a) on the semantic level, how the aspectual value of a verb is integrated into the structure of the utterance; b) on the syntactic level, how a given aspectual form interacts with other constituents of the clause, and c) on the discourse level, how the context contributes to the structuring and decoding of the aspectual features of the utterance. Such mechanisms become necessary when we deal with complex “hybrid” aspectual forms such as the Russian perfective present and the Bulgarian perfective imperfect. It is argued that some semantic features of a perfective verb, which are relevant to the aspectual value of the clause, are blocked in these forms under the influence of the context; the result is the emergence of aspectual values normally expressed by imperfective verb forms.