Production of lignocellulosic enzymes from different agro-food wastes by solid state fermentation

The hydrolytic demolition of the plant cell walls by lignocellulosic enzymes is then one of the most studied approaches to the valorization of agricultural wastes for the recovery of high value phytochemicals such as secondary chemical building block for the industrial chemistry. White rot fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus produce a wide range of extracellular enzymes to degrade complex lignocellulosic substrates into soluble substances that can be used as nutrients. In this paper we have studied the production of different kinds of lignocellulosic enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, laccase, and arylesterase (caffeoyl esterase and feruloyl esterase) induced by the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus in solid state fermentation (SSF) by agro-food wastes (such as grape stalks, grape seed, wheat straw and wheat bran) as substrates. The efficiency of the fermentation process has been further studied through mechanical treatments of extrusion of the substrate, able to promote the activity produced and the recovery enzyme. The enzymatic activities produced by fermentation were strictly dependent to the periodic removal of the produced enzymes as well as the extrusion process increased the enzyme activity more than 100 - 1000 times. The arylesterase and laccase activity were mainly produced by growth on grape seeds and wheat straw, while wheat bran seems to be the most suitable substrate for the production of cellulase and xylanase.