We dedicate our research for assess vulnerability of groundwater under climate and land use change, in fractured and fissured aquifers from Northern Apennines of Italy. The work is included in the CC-WARE, South East European Project “Integrated transnational strategy for water protection and mitigating water resources vulnerability” (Marcaccio et al. 2014). In addition, the research examines the role of ecosystems services in the peculiar thematic, and quantify their possible mitigating action against climate change and land use in the future. This will provide guidelines for appropriate regulation of land use in recharge areas of groundwater bodies.