Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and polymorphisms of the folate pathway genes.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the possible association between folate pathway gene polymorphisms and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This represents the first study carried out on folate pathway gene polymorphisms as possible risk factors in this kind of pathology. The premise is that several polymorphisms mapping on genes responsible for folate uptake are associated with the risk of numerous diseases occurring between pregnancy and old age, and that too little is currently known about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Design and methods: We genotyped 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 1 polymorphic insertion in 7 essential genes belonging to the folate pathway in 32 Italian idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and 81 control subjects. This was done by PCR and restriction analysis. Results: Allelic and genotypic association tests indicated that for all the analysed polymorphisms there were no significant differences between patients and controls. Nevertheless, the haplotype association analysis revealed a significant association between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and transcobalamin II gene polymorphisms: specifically the haplotype 776G (rs1801198)-c.1026-394G (rs7286680)-444C (rs10418) (OR=2.84; 95% C.I. 136-5.93, P value=0.004). Conclusions: This small-scale preliminary study would suggest the importance of further research focusing on the role of folate in the onset of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.