The First Release COSMOS Optical and Near-IR Data and Catalog

We present imaging data and photometry for the COSMOS survey in 15 photometric bands between 0.3 and 2.4 μm. These include data taken on the Subaru 8.3 m telescope, the KPNO and CTIO 4 m telescopes, and the CFHT 3.6 m telescope. Special techniques are used to ensure that the relative photometric calibration is better than 1% across the field of view. The absolute photometric accuracy from standard-star measurements is found to be 6%. The absolute calibration is corrected using galaxy spectra, providing colors accurate to 2% or better. Stellar and galaxy colors and counts agree well with the expected values. Finally, as the first step in the scientific analysis of these data we construct panchromatic number counts which confirm that both the geometry of the universe and the galaxy population are evolving. Based in part on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555 the Subaru telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; the MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, which is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Institute National des Science de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche, and the University of Hawaii; and the Kitt Peak National Observatory, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.