The 2023-2024 excavation campaigns at the Episcopal Basilica of Gortyn (Crete), conducted within the framework of the collaboration agreement between the Ephorate of Antiquities of Heraklion and the Italian Archaeological School at Ath-ens, have provided significant new evidence concerning the final phases of life of the principal ecclesiastical complex of the Early Byzantine city. Excavations focused on three sectors of the monument, integrating previous investigations with new archaeologi-cal, architectural, and stratigraphic data. In the northern sector of the presbytery, research expanded our knowledge of the rooms added between the 7th and early 8th c. AD, documenting artisanal activities associated with glass working in the decades following the earthquake of AD 795/796. In the northwestern sector, newly identified rooms belonging to the episcopal complex yielded extensive evidence of reused architectural and epigraphic materials from the Greek and Roman periods. In the southern room of the basilica, the excavation of a richly decorated room produced numerous fragments of wall mosaics and painted plaster, contrib-uting to the reconstruction of the building's decorative programs between the 7th and 8th c. AD. Ceramic, numismatic, and glass finds refine the chronology of the latest occupation phases and demonstrate continued use and functional transformation of the complex until the early 9th c. AD. The new investigations confirm the central role of the basilica in the urban history of Gortyn and provide important insights into the processes of transformation, abandonment, and spoliation that affected the monument between Late Antiquity and the Medieval period.
Le campagne di scavo 2023-2024 presso la basilica episcopale di Gortina (Creta), avviate nell'ambito dell'accor-do di collaborazione tra l'Eforia alle Antichità di Heraklion e la Scuola Archeologica Italiana di Atene, hanno fornito nuovi dati sulle ultime fasi di vita del principale complesso ecclesiastico della città protobizantina. Le indagini hanno interessato tre settori dell'area monumentale, integrando i risultati delle precedenti campagne con nuove evidenze archeologiche, architetto-niche e stratigrafiche. Nel settore settentrionale del presbiterio è stata approfondita la conoscenza di ambienti aggiunti tra VII e VIII sec. d.C., documentando attività artigianali connesse alla lavorazione del vetro nei decenni successivi al terremoto del 795/796 d.C. Nel settore nord-occidentale sono stati individuati nuovi ambienti pertinenti al complesso episcopale, caratte-rizzati da ampio reimpiego di materiale architettonico ed epigrafico di età greca e romana. Nel vano meridionale della basilica, infine, sono stati recuperati numerosi frammenti di mosaici e intonaci dipinti che contribuiscono alla ricostruzione delle fasi decorative dell'edificio tra VII e VIII sec. d.C. I reperti ceramici, numismatici e vitrei consentono di precisare la cronologia delle ultime frequentazioni del complesso e attestano una continuità di utilizzo e rifunzionalizzazione degli spazi fino agli inizi del IX sec. d.C. Le nuove ricerche confermano il ruolo centrale della basilica nella storia urbana di Gortina e offrono importanti elementi per comprendere le dinamiche di trasformazione, abbandono e spoliazione del monumento tra tarda antichità e Medioevo.
Baldini, I., Sythiakaki, V., Lamanna, C., Marsili, G., Pizzi, M., Vasilakis, N. (2025). Mitropolis-Gortina (Creta). Missioni di scavo 2023-2024. ANNUARIO DELLA SCUOLA ARCHEOLOGICA DI ATENE E DELLE MISSIONI ITALIANE IN ORIENTE, 103(1), 659-682.
Mitropolis-Gortina (Creta). Missioni di scavo 2023-2024
Isabella Baldini
;Claudia Lamanna
;Giulia Marsili
;Marina Pizzi
;
2025
Abstract
The 2023-2024 excavation campaigns at the Episcopal Basilica of Gortyn (Crete), conducted within the framework of the collaboration agreement between the Ephorate of Antiquities of Heraklion and the Italian Archaeological School at Ath-ens, have provided significant new evidence concerning the final phases of life of the principal ecclesiastical complex of the Early Byzantine city. Excavations focused on three sectors of the monument, integrating previous investigations with new archaeologi-cal, architectural, and stratigraphic data. In the northern sector of the presbytery, research expanded our knowledge of the rooms added between the 7th and early 8th c. AD, documenting artisanal activities associated with glass working in the decades following the earthquake of AD 795/796. In the northwestern sector, newly identified rooms belonging to the episcopal complex yielded extensive evidence of reused architectural and epigraphic materials from the Greek and Roman periods. In the southern room of the basilica, the excavation of a richly decorated room produced numerous fragments of wall mosaics and painted plaster, contrib-uting to the reconstruction of the building's decorative programs between the 7th and 8th c. AD. Ceramic, numismatic, and glass finds refine the chronology of the latest occupation phases and demonstrate continued use and functional transformation of the complex until the early 9th c. AD. The new investigations confirm the central role of the basilica in the urban history of Gortyn and provide important insights into the processes of transformation, abandonment, and spoliation that affected the monument between Late Antiquity and the Medieval period.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.



