Two or three things sociology can do for One Health

This article explores the multifaceted contributions of sociology to the One Health (OH) approach, which recognizes the inherent interconnectedness of human, animal, plant, and environmental health. It is argued that sociology offers valuable insights at both epistemological and methodological levels. Epistemologically, sociology helps elucidate key OH dimensions such as profound interdependence, multidimensional justice (environmental, interspecies, intergenerational, social, and epistemic), and the concept of the exposome, advocating for a perspective that centers human, environmental and animal health rather than an anthropocentric view. Methodologically, sociology’s critical perspective reveals power dynamics and social determinants of health often overlooked by biomedical models. Furthermore, its diverse social research methodologies (e.g., participatory approaches, living labs) facilitate community engagement and co-creation, while its predictive methods (e.g., Delphi, scenario planning) are crucial for forecasting ecological and pandemic risks within complex systems. Overall, this paper asserts that a robust sociological engagement is essential for a holistic, equitable, and effective implementation of One Health, fostering a transdisciplinary approach that moves beyond traditional limitations.