Zero net land take policy mapping: A multi-level analysis in the context of Italy and Emilia-Romagna

The Zero Net Land Take (ZNLT) policy seeks to reconcile urban development and land conservation by 2050. This study reviews ZNLT- related policies at the European, national, and regional levels, focusing on Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Analysis of legal documents reveals that while strategic objectives are set at the European level, member states and regions implement ZNLT with varying approaches, reflecting their governance and planning traditions on example of Emilia-Romagna region. This study underscores the importance of a coherent multi-level governance structure to achieve ZNLT. Misalignments between national guidelines and regional or local practices create fragmentation, undermining cohesive policy action. Analyzing these gaps is crucial to advancing sustainable urban development aligned with ZNLT goals.