GENDER, INTERCULTURE, EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVES. ANALYSIS AND CONTRAST OF GENDER AND ETHNIC-BASED VIOLENCE DYNAMICS

The inequality between men and women, the lack of recognition of women's identity, and the fact that women are ‘second’ to the male role and, therefore, subject (in the sense of subjugated) (De Beauvoir, 1961) are specific causes of violence. To achieve true equality between men and women, to overcome female subordination, however, there is still a need today for ‘unequal equality’ (Benadusi et al., 2009), i.e. to compensate for the persistence of women being ‘second’ to men. The overcoming of subordination would bring them out of anonymity, not because women are nameless but because they are not named other than through an interposed person, that is, dissolved in the «universal neutral declined into the masculine» formula that is still struggling to disappear. Gender inequality is more frequently present in contexts where social justice is absent, the relationship of subalternity has been internalised, and the stimulus to develop theories of social transformation is lacking. Still, it can certainly present itself, more or less explicitly, even in democratic contexts that aspire in principle to equity, even between genders.