ADAPTIVE INTEGRATION OF SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES IN HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPES: SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES AND POLICY PERSPECTIVES

Europe’s historic cityscapes are touchstones of cultural identity yet carry sizeable energy use and carbon. Reconciling EU decarbonisation targets with strict heritage protection is delicate. We demonstrate a low-cost, planning-grade workflow using open data and transparent formulae on a basilica in Bologna. We compute the net installable plan area with a 0.5 m inward setback and estimate screening yield with E_H = A_net × (η×GHI) × coverage × PR × shade, treating y_H as a direction-neutral proxy; design-grade analysis switches to POA irradiance, horizon-aware shading and surface segmentation. With A_net = 893.29 m², Bologna GHI (PVGIS) and shade = 0.97, two heritage-compatible tiers yield ≈15.1 MWh·yr⁻¹ (recessed BIPV; 10% coverage; PR=0.74; η=0.20) and ≈44.0 MWh·yr⁻¹ (colour-matched; 30%; PR=0.80; η=0.18). Sensitivity for colour-matched η ∈ [0.16,0.20] gives 39.1–48.9 MWh·yr⁻¹. An ICOMOS-style matrix (silhouette, reversibility, colour/gloss, rhythm, visibility) indicates low visual impact with ridge setbacks, matte finishes and field segmentation. The workflow is reproducible and policy-aligned for early-stage screening.