Unlocking the secrets of success: enhancing non-invasive respiratory support therapies for improved patient outcomes

Introduction: The implementation of non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS) in patients with acute respiratory failure has led to significant improvements in clinical outcomes. Areas covered: In this article, we discuss the advances in NIRS focusing on how to improve the success rate of NIRS in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, acute hypercapnic respiratory failure, and weaning. Moreover, the risk of patient self-inflicted lung injury is described and selection of the best NIRS treatment modality in each setting is indicated and justified. Expert opinion: Effectiveness of NIRS is dependent on choosing the right ventilator and interface. Rotational use of interfaces is highly recommended to avoid pressure sores. The recent implemented innovations allow the optimization of the patient-ventilation interaction, demonstrating the evolving role of Nasal high flow therapy and Helmet NIRS.