Lean, Agile, Resilient and Green Paradigms: Literature Review and Research Steps Towards Full Integration

In today’s competitive market, the implementation and integration of lean, agile, green and resilient (LARG) practices in supply chains (SCs) are crucial for maintaining a competitive edge. Embracing the LARG paradigms enables companies to achieve key business objectives, including enhanced customer service and increased profitability. The aim of this paper is to present an updated literature review examining LARG adoption and integration strategies across diverse sectors and geographical locations. Through an analysis of 28 relevant articles encompassing the last 15 years, the review explores the evolution of LARG paradigms. The analysis reveals various strategies, trade-offs and methods for measuring effectiveness. Findings underscore the pivotal role of LARG integration in improving performance, sustainability, efficiency and resilience. Furthermore, the study highlights the necessity of holistic LARG integration for effectively addressing contemporary business challenges, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research in this area. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps and provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers striving to enhance performance and sustainability in SCs and manufacturing companies.