The first observation of the Σ+ → p μ+ μ− decay is reported with high significance using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb^−1, collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A yield of 237±16 Σ+ → p μ+ μ− decays is obtained, where the uncertainty is statistical only. A branching fraction of (1.08 ± 0.17) × 10^−8 is measured, where the uncertainty includes statistical and systematic sources. No evidence of resonant structures is found in the dimuon invariant-mass distribution. All results are compatible with Standard Model expectations. This represents the rarest decay of a baryon ever observed.

Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. s. w., Abellan Beteta, C., Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. a., et al. (2025). Observation of the Very Rare Σ+ → p μ+ μ− Decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 135(5), 1-14 [10.1103/r3v2-kmmp].

Observation of the Very Rare Σ+ → p μ+ μ− Decay

Carbone, A.;Ferrari, F.;Galli, D.;Patrignani, C.;Spedicato, E.;Villa, A.;Zenesini, F.;
2025

Abstract

The first observation of the Σ+ → p μ+ μ− decay is reported with high significance using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb^−1, collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A yield of 237±16 Σ+ → p μ+ μ− decays is obtained, where the uncertainty is statistical only. A branching fraction of (1.08 ± 0.17) × 10^−8 is measured, where the uncertainty includes statistical and systematic sources. No evidence of resonant structures is found in the dimuon invariant-mass distribution. All results are compatible with Standard Model expectations. This represents the rarest decay of a baryon ever observed.
2025
Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. s. w., Abellan Beteta, C., Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. a., et al. (2025). Observation of the Very Rare Σ+ → p μ+ μ− Decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 135(5), 1-14 [10.1103/r3v2-kmmp].
Aaij, R.; Abdelmotteleb, A.  s.  w.; Abellan Beteta, C.; Abudinén, F.; Ackernley, T.; Adefisoye, A.  a.; Adeva, B.; Adinolfi, M.; Adlarson, P.; Agapop...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1035638
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