GULF-STREAM SIMULATIONS AND THE DYNAMICS OF RING AND MEANDER PROCESSES

The study uses high-resolution numerical models to investigate how Gulf Stream meanders and rings evolve and interact. By combining in-situ ocean data, satellite infrared observations, and simulations, the researchers show that feature-based initialization techniques can effectively set up regional ocean forecast models. Over several month-long experiments, the simulations successfully reproduce multiple interactions between warm and cold rings and the Gulf Stream, aligning closely with satellite observations—especially the clear thermal signatures of cold rings. The model results also reveal a detailed three-dimensional structure of the Gulf Stream, including strong vertical and horizontal jet intensifications within meanders. Additionally, the model features realistic jet separation and recirculation near Cape Hatteras.