The role of artificial intelligence in training ENT residents: a survey on ChatGPT, a new method of investigation

Objective. The primary focus of this study was to analyze the adoption of ChatGPT among Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) trainees, encompassing its role in scientific research and personal study. We examined in which year ENT trainees become involved in clinical research and how many scientific investigations they have been engaged in. Methods. An online survey was distributed to ENT residents employed in Italian University Hospitals. Results. Out of 609 Italian ENT trainees, 181 (29.7%) responded to the survey. Among these, 67.4% were familiar with ChatGPT, and 18.9% of them used artificial intelligence as a tool for research and study. In all, 32.6% were not familiar with ChatGPT and its functions. Within our sample, there was an increasing trend of participation by ENT trainees in scientific publications throughout their training. Conclusions. ChatGPT remains relatively unfamiliar and underutilised in Italy, even though it could be a valuable and efficient tool for ENT trainees, providing quick access for study and research through both personal computers and smartphones.