Is the Medial Posterior Parietal Area V6A a Single Functional Area?

The visuomotor medial posterior parietal area V6A has been recently subdivided into two cytoarchitectonic sectors called V6Ad and V6Av (Luppino et al., 2005). The aim of the present study was to recognize whether these two cortical sectors show different functional profiles. Fourteen hemispheres from eight animals (Macaca fascicularis) were included in this study, for a total of 3828 extracellularly recorded neurons assigned to areas V6Ad or V6Av on cytoarchitectural basis. The sensitivity of recorded neurons to sensory- and motor-related activities was checked with a series of functional tests performed on behaving animals. We found that cells sensitive to visual stimuli were more represented in V6Av and cells sensitive to somatosensory stimuli were more represented in V6Ad. Visual cells directly encoding spatial locations (real-position cells) were present only in V6Av. Cells encoding basic visual and somatic properties as well as different aspects of reaching and grasping activities were present in both sectors of V6A, although with different incidence. Cells that had reach-related activity enhanced by visual feedback and grasping neurons activated by whole-hand prehension were more concentrated in V6Av. Conversely, reaching neurons inhibited by visual feedback and grasping neurons activated by precision grip were more represented in V6Ad. Although V6Av and V6Ad show partly different functional profiles, our data support the idea that V6A is a single functional area involved in the control of reach-to-grasp movements, with the dorsal sector (V6Ad) more involved in the somatomotor control and the ventral sector (V6Av) in the visual control of reaching and grasping actions.