Trattamento della scabbia

Scabies, a parasitic dermatosis caused by Sarcoptes scabiei, is classified by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease due to its global burden. In recent years, the Emilia-Romagna Region has reported a significant increase in scabies cases, with higher incidence among males, children, adolescents and young adults. This guideline aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and management of scabies, by focusing on target populations and types of scabies, with specific consideration for paediatric patients. The guideline was developed by a multidisciplinary team of dermatologists, paediatricians, public health officials and pharmacists from the Emilia-Romagna Region. It is based on systematic reviews, meta-analyses and international guidelines published in the last six years (2019-2024). Permethrin 5% topical cream remains the first-line therapy. Benzyl benzoate and oral ivermectin are effective alternatives in selected cases; oral ivermectin is specifically recommended for treating large groups or patients with extensive eczema. Crusted scabies requires a combination of topical and systemic agents, along with keratolytics. Early treatment of close contacts and a structured two-week follow-up are also recommended. A practical section on paediatric topical application is included to assist caregivers and improve compliance. This guideline supports healthcare professionals in the standardised management of scabies and emphasizes the need for effective interventions to address the rising incidence of cases.