A cross-sectional analysis between physical activity levels, weight status and empathy-related behaviors in a sample of Tuscany primary school children

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and the development of relational empathy skills in children, taking into account weight status. METHODS: Parents/guardians of primary school children were involved in filling out a questionnaire: the Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue-I13) and children were asked to complete the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) to investigate the self -reported PA levels. The weight status was assessed using a self -reported Body Mass Index (BMI). RESULTS: Three hundred seventy parents or guardians of students who attended primary school (8.53 +/- 1.61 yrs) were recruited. The total score was 2.41 +/- 0.89 for PAQ-C and 41.17 +/- 6.32 for EmQue-I13. The three domains of EmQue-I13 were: contagion (8.16 +/- 2.67), attention to others' feelings (19.40 +/- 2.99) and prosocial actions (13.62 +/- 3.01). Linear regression models showed that a higher PAQ-C score was positively associated with empathy -related total score P<0.000. Weight status, age and gender were not associated with EmQue-I13. CONCLUSIONS: Our results underline the positive association between physical activity and the development of relational empathic skills.