We present the second NuSTAR and XMM-Newton extragalactic survey of the JWST north ecliptic pole (NEP) time-domain field (TDF). The first NuSTAR NEP-TDF survey had 681 ks total exposure time executed in NuSTAR cycle 5 in 2019 and 2020. This second survey, acquired from 2020 to 2022 in cycle 6, adds 880 ks of NuSTAR exposure time. The overall NuSTAR NEP-TDF survey is the most sensitive NuSTAR extragalactic survey to date, and a total of 60 sources were detected above the 95% reliability threshold. We constrain the hard X-ray number counts, log N - log S , down to 1.7 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 at 8-24 keV and detect an excess of hard X-ray sources at the faint end. About 47% of the NuSTAR-detected sources are heavily obscured (N H > 1023 cm−2), and 18 − 8 + 20 % of the NuSTAR-detected sources are Compton-thick (N H > 1024 cm−2). These fractions are consistent with those measured in other NuSTAR surveys. Four sources presented >2σ variability in the 3 yr survey. In addition to NuSTAR, a total of 62 ks of XMM-Newton observations were taken during NuSTAR cycle 6. The XMM-Newton observations provide soft X-ray (0.5-10 keV) coverage in the same field and enable more robust identification of the visible and infrared counterparts of the NuSTAR-detected sources. A total of 286 soft X-ray sources were detected, out of which 214 XMM-Newton sources have secure counterparts from multiwavelength catalogs.

Zhao, X., Civano, F., Willmer, C.N.A., Bonoli, S., Chen, C.-., Creech, S., et al. (2024). PEARLS: NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Extragalactic Survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field II. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 965(2), 1-29 [10.3847/1538-4357/ad2b61].

PEARLS: NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Extragalactic Survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field II

Marchesi S.
Writing – Review & Editing
;
2024

Abstract

We present the second NuSTAR and XMM-Newton extragalactic survey of the JWST north ecliptic pole (NEP) time-domain field (TDF). The first NuSTAR NEP-TDF survey had 681 ks total exposure time executed in NuSTAR cycle 5 in 2019 and 2020. This second survey, acquired from 2020 to 2022 in cycle 6, adds 880 ks of NuSTAR exposure time. The overall NuSTAR NEP-TDF survey is the most sensitive NuSTAR extragalactic survey to date, and a total of 60 sources were detected above the 95% reliability threshold. We constrain the hard X-ray number counts, log N - log S , down to 1.7 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 at 8-24 keV and detect an excess of hard X-ray sources at the faint end. About 47% of the NuSTAR-detected sources are heavily obscured (N H > 1023 cm−2), and 18 − 8 + 20 % of the NuSTAR-detected sources are Compton-thick (N H > 1024 cm−2). These fractions are consistent with those measured in other NuSTAR surveys. Four sources presented >2σ variability in the 3 yr survey. In addition to NuSTAR, a total of 62 ks of XMM-Newton observations were taken during NuSTAR cycle 6. The XMM-Newton observations provide soft X-ray (0.5-10 keV) coverage in the same field and enable more robust identification of the visible and infrared counterparts of the NuSTAR-detected sources. A total of 286 soft X-ray sources were detected, out of which 214 XMM-Newton sources have secure counterparts from multiwavelength catalogs.
2024
Zhao, X., Civano, F., Willmer, C.N.A., Bonoli, S., Chen, C.-., Creech, S., et al. (2024). PEARLS: NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Extragalactic Survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field II. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 965(2), 1-29 [10.3847/1538-4357/ad2b61].
Zhao, X.; Civano, F.; Willmer, C. N. A.; Bonoli, S.; Chen, C. -T.; Creech, S.; Dupke, R.; Fornasini, F. M.; Jansen, R. A.; Kikuta, S.; Koekemoer, A. M...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1002403
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