Henri Cartier-Bresson (Aug. 22, 1908 - Aug. 3, 2004) was a French photographer who successfully merged photography with geometry. Considered the father of "street photography" or "true life reportage”, the golden ratio can be found in many of his shots. Photographs that follow the path of the golden diagonal or the lines of a phi grid have much more power. In the first instance, the photographs that work best are those that contain geometry. Analyzing the genius of Cartier-Bresson is, therefore, undoubtedly a daunting task, but it is relatively easy to be able to perceive and reconstruct, in his photographs, the relationship between composition and geometry, particularly in the exemplification of the golden rectangle and the golden spiral. The application of the rule of thirds and the phi grid is also strongly present in the photographs of Cartier-Bresson. Henri Cartier-Bresson probably did not consciously think about this when he was shooting, but such a visual ability and organization of the elements of the scene according to automatic compositional balances was innate in him. This innate ability certainly came from his experience, sensitivity, and imagination, not to mention his interest in drawing and painting. Henri Cartier-Bresson, as well as other famous photographers, makes use not only of the golden ratio, the rule of thirds and the phi grid, but also of other elements in composition: triangular shapes, lines, natural frames, repetition of elements, useful ingredients to build a given effect and a precise balance to the scene. The important thing is to wait for the shot to be taken at the "decisive moment" when you feel something happening, as Henri Cartier-Bresson himself said «Sometimes it happens to stall, to delay, to wait for something to happen. Sometimes you get the feeling that there is all the basis for an image, except for one thing that seems to be missing. But what one thing? Perhaps someone suddenly enters your field of vision. You follow his progress through the viewfinder. You wait and wait, then finally press the button, and leave with the feeling (though you don't know why) that you really have something. Later, to demonstrate this, you can take a print of this photograph, trace over it the geometric figures that present themselves to analysis, and you will observe that, if the shutter was released at the decisive moment, you instinctively fixed a geometric pattern without which the photograph would have been formless and lifeless». This paper aims to analyze with "a postmortem examination" some of the images of the author to highlight the major aspects of his geometric composition.

Henri Cartier-Bresson (22 agosto 1908 -3 agosto 2004) è stato un fotografo francese che ha saputo fondere la fotografia con la geometria. Considerato il padre della "fotografia di strada” (street photography) o di “veri e propri reportage di vita”, in molti dei suoi scatti è possibile ritrovare il rapporto aureo. Le fotografie che seguono il percorso della diagonale aurea hanno, infatti, molta più forza, così come quelle che al loro interno presentano linee di una griglia phi. In sostanza le fotografie che funzionano meglio sono quelle che contengono geometria. Analizzare il genio di Cartier-Bresson è, quindi, senz’altro un compito arduo, ma è relativamente semplice poter percepire e ricostruire, nelle sue fotografie, il rapporto tra composizione e geometria, in particolare nell’esemplificazione del rettangolo aureo e nella spirale aurea. Anche l’applicazione della regola dei terzi e della griglia phi è presente fortemente negli scatti di Cartier-Bresson. Probabilmente Henri Cartier-Bresson non pensava coscientemente a questo quando scattava, ma era innata in lui una tale capacità visiva e una tale organizzazione degli elementi della scena secondo equilibri compositivi automatici. Questa innata capacità derivava certamente dalla sua esperienza, dalla sua sensibilità e dalla sua immaginazione, senza dimenticare il suo interesse per il disegno e la pittura. Henri Cartier-Bresson, così come altri fotografi celebri, si serve, oltre che della proporzione aurea, della regola dei terzi e della griglia phi, anche di altri ingredienti nella composizione: forme triangolari, linee, cornici naturali, ripetizione di elementi, ingredienti utili per costruire un dato effetto e un preciso equilibrio alla scena. L’importante è attendere per lo scatto il “momento decisivo” in cui si sente accadere qualcosa, come dice lo stesso Henri Cartier-Bresson: «A volte capita di temporeggiare, di ritardare, di aspettare che qualcosa accada. A volte si ha la sensazione che ci siano tutte le basi per un'immagine, tranne una cosa che sembra mancare. Ma quale cosa?». Forse qualcuno entra improvvisamente nel vostro campo visivo. Seguite i suoi progressi attraverso il mirino. Aspettate e aspettate, poi finalmente premete il pulsante e partite con la sensazione (anche se non sapete perché) di avere davvero qualcosa. In seguito, per dimostrarlo, si può prendere una stampa di questa foto, tracciarvi sopra le figure geometriche che si presentano all'analisi, e si osserverà che, se l'otturatore è stato rilasciato nel momento decisivo, si è fissato istintivamente uno schema geometrico senza il quale la fotografia sarebbe stata informe e priva di vita”. Il presente contributo vuole analizzare con “un esame post mortem” alcune immagini dell’autore per mettere in luce gli aspetti salienti della sua composizione geometrica.

L’attimo fuggente e ‘geometrico’ nelle fotografie di Henri Cartier-Bresson / The Fleeting and ‘Geometric’ Moment in Henri Cartier-Bresson’s Photographs

Cristiana Bartolomei
;
Caterina Morganti
2023

Abstract

Henri Cartier-Bresson (Aug. 22, 1908 - Aug. 3, 2004) was a French photographer who successfully merged photography with geometry. Considered the father of "street photography" or "true life reportage”, the golden ratio can be found in many of his shots. Photographs that follow the path of the golden diagonal or the lines of a phi grid have much more power. In the first instance, the photographs that work best are those that contain geometry. Analyzing the genius of Cartier-Bresson is, therefore, undoubtedly a daunting task, but it is relatively easy to be able to perceive and reconstruct, in his photographs, the relationship between composition and geometry, particularly in the exemplification of the golden rectangle and the golden spiral. The application of the rule of thirds and the phi grid is also strongly present in the photographs of Cartier-Bresson. Henri Cartier-Bresson probably did not consciously think about this when he was shooting, but such a visual ability and organization of the elements of the scene according to automatic compositional balances was innate in him. This innate ability certainly came from his experience, sensitivity, and imagination, not to mention his interest in drawing and painting. Henri Cartier-Bresson, as well as other famous photographers, makes use not only of the golden ratio, the rule of thirds and the phi grid, but also of other elements in composition: triangular shapes, lines, natural frames, repetition of elements, useful ingredients to build a given effect and a precise balance to the scene. The important thing is to wait for the shot to be taken at the "decisive moment" when you feel something happening, as Henri Cartier-Bresson himself said «Sometimes it happens to stall, to delay, to wait for something to happen. Sometimes you get the feeling that there is all the basis for an image, except for one thing that seems to be missing. But what one thing? Perhaps someone suddenly enters your field of vision. You follow his progress through the viewfinder. You wait and wait, then finally press the button, and leave with the feeling (though you don't know why) that you really have something. Later, to demonstrate this, you can take a print of this photograph, trace over it the geometric figures that present themselves to analysis, and you will observe that, if the shutter was released at the decisive moment, you instinctively fixed a geometric pattern without which the photograph would have been formless and lifeless». This paper aims to analyze with "a postmortem examination" some of the images of the author to highlight the major aspects of his geometric composition.
2023
Linguaggi Grafici FOTOGRAFIA
206
231
Cristiana Bartolomei; Caterina Morganti
File in questo prodotto:
Eventuali allegati, non sono esposti

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/965144
 Attenzione

Attenzione! I dati visualizzati non sono stati sottoposti a validazione da parte dell'ateneo

Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact