Judicial interactions in action : a tool for a more powerful and influential EU charter of fundamental rights

The multilevel system of fundamental rights protection that applies in Europe may be interpreted as the result of national, regional and international legislators’ shared concerns about the protection of rights and principles essential in democratic societies. However, the normative hierarchy, the overlap and the cross-referencing between national and European bills of rights creates a complex fundamental rights web that is difficult for those willing to put these principles into practice to untangle.