Career Ecosystems and Sustainable Careers: A Cross-National Study of India and Italy

This study assesses (i) how perceived job market challenges and demands impact perceived employability and (ii) how these factors differ between India and Italy, especially as these nations are going through different trajectories regarding industrialization, growth, and employment opportunities. Data collection involved a questionnaire whereby 218 graduates in India and 199 students and graduates in Italy participated in the study. Findings showed that perceived employability was positively associated with psychological well-being and happiness for both countries. However, the association between labor market demands and perceived employability was positive in India but negative in Italy. Additionally, no association was found between labor market demands and either psychological wellbeing or happiness in India, whereas a negative association occurred for both in Italy. The cross-national differences evidence the need to tailor career support strategies depending on their implemented context.