Comprehensive Italian Annotated Bibliography on Swordfish (Xiphias gladius, Linnaeus, 1758)

The Italian scientists have a long tradition of studies and research on swordfish (Xiphias gladius). This species is certainly one of the most important for the Italian fishery since old historical times, mentioned in many ancient books. This paper lists together the many papers published so far by Italian scientists, concerning the biology of this species, the fisheries and many other scientific and cultural issues. The aim is to provide a comprehensive annotated bibliography, with specific keywords in English, for making available all these documents independently from the original language of the text. So far, we found 916 papers on swordfish but the bibliography is surely incomplete, because of the many papers published over the centuries in many places. We also included additional 47 titles concerning electronic or audio-visual documents. This bibliography, updated till 2020, was set together to serve the scientists and to help them in finding some rare references that might be useful for their work.