Mitigation of fire-induced domino scenarios

Primary fire scenarios are those that most frequently triggered domino effects, causing severe overall escalation scenarios. Due to the potential severity of such scenarios, baseline conventional methods for the quantitative risk assessment of domino effect may lead to over-conservative results when applied for their specific assessment. Thus, a specific methodology accounting for the mitigation effects deriving from the introduction of safety barriers in the quantitative assessment of risk due to the escalation of primary scenarios caused by thermal radiation as an escalation vector is introduced in this Chapter. The methodology is based on the concepts of availability and effectiveness of safety barriers and on the application of a dedicated event tree analysis. A tutorial showing the application of the methodology and the potential results that may be obtained is also provided.