Aside from its infinite facets, the Comedy is usually labeled as an ‘allegorical poem’: although very familiar to our ears, such a categorization actually represents the very first way through which Dante’s work keeps challenging us. In fact, contemporary man seems to find hard to understand the language of allegory: on the one hand, we have got used to deal with images that are perceived as ends in themselves, rather than realities that refer to other realities; on the other hand, the capability to even comprehend the structure and the poetics of the Comedy that is ‘divine’ by definition appears to be threatened by an increasingly widespread religious illiteracy. Moreover, another level of ‘references’ also offered by the poem is represented by the parallels that Dante placed among the most different cantos, in order to make evident the substantial connection between apparently distant passages. However, such an use is not unknown even to juridical traditions: in Canon Law, in particular, among the criteria that are to be used for interpreting ecclesiastical laws, can. 17 of Codex Iuris Canonici also lists the recourse to ‘parallel places’, the significance of which is not merely technical. In fact, such instrument is based on the need that human rules too – as highlighted by Pope Benedict XVI – must be interpreted «also in the light of the reality being regulated, which always contains a nucleus of the Natural Law and the Divine Positive Law, with which every norm must be in harmony in order to be rational and truly juridical». Correspondingly to the due search of the ius quia iustum, this is the horizon that jurists are called to pursue even today if they wish to follow the admonishment of Dante, who certainly did not spare severe criticisms to legal scholars and practitioners who looked away from that same justice that should have been their North Star.

Pur nelle sue infinite sfaccettature, la Commedia dantesca viene comunemente incasellata nella categoria del ‘poema allegorico’: ed è già a partire da tale qualificazione che l’opera continua a interpellarci. L’uomo contemporaneo sembra infatti faticare nel leggere il linguaggio dell’allegoria: da un lato, per essersi abituato al rapporto con un’immagine ormai percepita come fine a se stessa, piuttosto che a quello con una realtà che rinvia a un’altra realtà; dall’altro, a causa di un analfabetismo religioso sempre più diffuso, che rischia di rendere incomprensibili la struttura e la poetica di quella Commedia che è ‘divina’ per antonomasia. All’interno di quest’ultima, emerge peraltro un ulteriore livello di ‘rinvii’: quello cioè dei parallelismi disseminati dal Poeta nei più diversi canti, a indicare la presenza di collegamenti sostanziali tra passi apparentemente distanti. Un simile uso non è d’altronde sconosciuto neppure alle tradizioni giuridiche: nel diritto canonico è in particolare il can. 17 del Codex Iuris Canonici a prevedere come criterio esegetico per le leggi ecclesiastiche quello basato sui loci paralleli, strumento la cui valenza non è limitata a un mero dato tecnicistico. Esso si fonda infatti sulla necessità che anche le regole umane siano interpretate – come notava Benedetto XVI – «alla luce della realtà regolata, la quale contiene sempre un nucleo di diritto naturale e divino positivo, con il quale deve essere in armonia ogni norma per essere razionale e veramente giuridica»: un orizzonte, corrispondente alla ricerca dello ius quia iustum, a cui anche i giuristi di oggi sono chiamati a tendere, se desiderano dare ascolto all’ammonimento di Dante (il quale non risparmiava critiche severe a studiosi e operatori del diritto che distoglievano lo sguardo dalla stella polare della giustizia).

Allegorie, simmetrie e parallelismi: un viaggio tra Commedia e diritto canonico / Tomer, Alberto. - ELETTRONICO. - (2022), pp. 121-134.

Allegorie, simmetrie e parallelismi: un viaggio tra Commedia e diritto canonico

Tomer, Alberto
2022

Abstract

Aside from its infinite facets, the Comedy is usually labeled as an ‘allegorical poem’: although very familiar to our ears, such a categorization actually represents the very first way through which Dante’s work keeps challenging us. In fact, contemporary man seems to find hard to understand the language of allegory: on the one hand, we have got used to deal with images that are perceived as ends in themselves, rather than realities that refer to other realities; on the other hand, the capability to even comprehend the structure and the poetics of the Comedy that is ‘divine’ by definition appears to be threatened by an increasingly widespread religious illiteracy. Moreover, another level of ‘references’ also offered by the poem is represented by the parallels that Dante placed among the most different cantos, in order to make evident the substantial connection between apparently distant passages. However, such an use is not unknown even to juridical traditions: in Canon Law, in particular, among the criteria that are to be used for interpreting ecclesiastical laws, can. 17 of Codex Iuris Canonici also lists the recourse to ‘parallel places’, the significance of which is not merely technical. In fact, such instrument is based on the need that human rules too – as highlighted by Pope Benedict XVI – must be interpreted «also in the light of the reality being regulated, which always contains a nucleus of the Natural Law and the Divine Positive Law, with which every norm must be in harmony in order to be rational and truly juridical». Correspondingly to the due search of the ius quia iustum, this is the horizon that jurists are called to pursue even today if they wish to follow the admonishment of Dante, who certainly did not spare severe criticisms to legal scholars and practitioners who looked away from that same justice that should have been their North Star.
2022
Dante e Diritto. Un cammino tra storia e attualità
121
134
Allegorie, simmetrie e parallelismi: un viaggio tra Commedia e diritto canonico / Tomer, Alberto. - ELETTRONICO. - (2022), pp. 121-134.
Tomer, Alberto
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