В статье рассматривается современное состояние историко-образовательных исследований школ под открытым небом в Италии. Они созда- вались в первые десятилетия ХХ в. с целью медицинского обслуживания и обуче-ния младших школьников, предрасположенных к туберкулезу. Такие школы рас-полагались вдалеке от городов, на природе. Первая часть статьи посвящена основ-ным международным и национальным исследованиям по истории школ под от-крытым небом. Во второй части рассматривается недавнее систематическое ис-следование истории итальянских школ под открытым небом, особое вниманиеуделено библиографическим и архивным источникам, а также методам исследова-ния, подчеркивается тесная связь между международным, национальным и мест-ным опытом. В «Заключении» представлены многочисленные эвристические пер-спективы, которые возникли в результате разработки этого направления исследо-ваний для всего историко-педагогического знания, поскольку история школ под открытым небом может выявить неизвестные элементы в истории образователь-ной и дидактической практики, профессии учителя и школьной культуры.

This contribution aims to illustrate the state of the art of historical educational research on open-air schools in Italy, the special schools opened to welcome fragile pupils predisposed to tuberculosis, located in large natural spaces often isolated from the cities. The first paragraph offers a brief overview of the international and national studies about the history of open-air schools. The second paragraph examines recent systematic research into the history of Italian open-air schools, with particular attention to bibliographical sources and archives and the investigation methods, highlighting the close ties between the international, national and local dimensions. To conclude, the many heuristic values emerging from this interesting field of study for the broader field of historical educational research are illustrated, as the history of open-air schools can reveal previously unknown elements of the history of educational and teaching practices, the teaching profession and school culture.

Scopo di questo contributo è di illustrare lo stato dell’arte della ricerca storico-educativa sulle scuole all’aperto in Italia, cioè di quelle particolari istituzioni scolastiche sorte per accogliere alunni gracili e predisposti alla tubercolosi, collocate in ampi spazi naturali, spesso isolati dalle città. L’obiettivo era quello della cura medica e dell’istruzione elementare, promosso nel periodo della diffusione dell’attivismo pedagogico internazionale nei primi decenni del Novecento e della cura educativa sviluppata per accogliere i bambini di età scolare prima, durante e dopo la Grande Guerra. Nel primo paragrafo si riferiscono le principali ricerche a livello internazionale e nazionale sulla storia delle scuole all’aperto. Nel secondo paragrafo viene esaminata una recente ricerca sistematica sulla storia delle scuole all’aperto italiane, con particolare attenzione alle fonti bibliografiche e d’archivio e ai metodi di indagine, evidenziando lo stretto legame tra dimensione internazionale, nazionale e locale. In conclusione, sono illustrate le numerose valenze euristiche emerse da questo interessante filone di studio per l’intera ricerca storico educativa poiché la storia delle scuole all’aperto può rivelare elementi sconosciuti sulla storia delle pratiche educative e didattiche, della professione docente e della cultura scolastica, nel quadro dell’attivismo pedagogico internazionale dei primi decenni del Novecento e della storia delle cure educative per l’infanzia.

D'Ascenzo Mirella (2021). ЗАБОТА О ДЕТСТВЕ И ШКОЛАХ ПОД ОТКРЫТЫМ НЕБОМ В ИТАЛИИ В ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ ХХ ВЕКА Caring for childhood and open-air schools in Italy in the first half of the 20th century. Mosca : ASOU.

ЗАБОТА О ДЕТСТВЕ И ШКОЛАХ ПОД ОТКРЫТЫМ НЕБОМ В ИТАЛИИ В ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ ХХ ВЕКА Caring for childhood and open-air schools in Italy in the first half of the 20th century

D'Ascenzo Mirella
2021

Abstract

This contribution aims to illustrate the state of the art of historical educational research on open-air schools in Italy, the special schools opened to welcome fragile pupils predisposed to tuberculosis, located in large natural spaces often isolated from the cities. The first paragraph offers a brief overview of the international and national studies about the history of open-air schools. The second paragraph examines recent systematic research into the history of Italian open-air schools, with particular attention to bibliographical sources and archives and the investigation methods, highlighting the close ties between the international, national and local dimensions. To conclude, the many heuristic values emerging from this interesting field of study for the broader field of historical educational research are illustrated, as the history of open-air schools can reveal previously unknown elements of the history of educational and teaching practices, the teaching profession and school culture.
2021
SAPERE STORICO E PEDAGOGICO ALL’INIZIO DEL TERZO MILLENNIO: RETROSPETTIVA STORICO-PEDAGOGICA DELLA TEORIA E DELLA PRATICA DELLA FORMAZIONE CONTEMPORANEA Materiali della XVIIa conferenza scientifica internazionale Mosca, 11 novembre 2021. Vol. 2 Ricerche di storia dell’educazione di autori europei //storiko-pedagogicheskoe znanie v nachale III tysjacheletija: istoriko-pedagogiheskaja retrospektiva teorii i praktiki sovremennogo obrazovanija. Materialy XVII Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii, Moskva, 11 nojabrja 2021 g. v dvuch chastjach. Chast' 2. Issledovanie pedagogicheskoe proshlogo zapadnoevropejskimi avtorami.
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D'Ascenzo Mirella (2021). ЗАБОТА О ДЕТСТВЕ И ШКОЛАХ ПОД ОТКРЫТЫМ НЕБОМ В ИТАЛИИ В ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ ХХ ВЕКА Caring for childhood and open-air schools in Italy in the first half of the 20th century. Mosca : ASOU.
D'Ascenzo Mirella
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/834171
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