global best practices for CSO, NGO and other nonprofit boards

This document explores the governance and fundraising landscape of nonprofit organizations across different regions of Europe, highlighting the role of boards in ensuring organizational stability and sustainability. The author emphasizes the fragmented nature of Europe, with its diverse histories, cultures, and legal frameworks, which profoundly influence the structure and operation of nonprofit boards. The analysis categorizes Europe into four regions: the United Kingdom, Continental Europe, the Mediterranean area, and Northern Europe, each displaying unique nonprofit governance models. The document examines the strengths and weaknesses of these models, paying special attention to the involvement of board members in fundraising activities. It argues that one of the primary challenges facing nonprofit boards in Europe is the lack of adequate engagement in fundraising and the reluctance to offer compensation to board members, which limits the ability to attract qualified professionals. Two emerging governance models are discussed: the American-style family foundation model, characterized by the strong control of the founder, and the social enterprise model, which blends public and private interests and is driven by professional board members. The author advocates for increased professionalism, board accountability, and a rethinking of governance practices to foster nonprofit growth in Europe. The conclusion underscores the importance of best practices, performance evaluation, and a cultural shift toward proactive governance in nonprofit organizations. If Europe continues delegating welfare services to the third sector, meaningful dialogue on governance models must precede this transition.