A parasitological survey has been carried out in wild and farmed salmonids from northern Italy in order to clarify the current diffusion of the swimbladder nematode Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), reported since 2006 in wild salmonids from Adige river in the Bolzano province. 314 315 P ARASSITI DELLA FAUNA ACQUATICA P ARASSITI DELLA FAUNA ACQUATICA POSTER 06 POSTER 06 XXVIII Congresso Nazionale SoIPa, Roma 24-27 giugno 2014 XXVIII Congresso Nazionale SoIPa, Roma 24-27 giugno 2014 P06.3 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE OF CYSTIDICOLA FARIONIS (NEMATODA: CYSTIDICOLIDAE), PARASITE OF SALMONIDS SPREADING IN ITALY Cavazza G. [1] , Gustinelli A. * [1] , Menconi V. [1] , Caffara M. [1] , Fioravanti M.L. [1] [1] Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna ~ Bologna ~ Italy INTRODUCTION: A parasitological survey has been carried out in wild and farmed salmonids from northern Italy in order to clarify the current diffusion of the swimbladder nematode Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), reported since 2006 in wild salmonids from Adige river in the Bolzano province. From July 2012 to September 2013 a total of 103 trouts have been examined, in particular 99 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 6 wild from Adige river in Bolzano province, 63 and 30 rainbow trout from a farm in Vicenza province (F1) and a farm (F2) located in Trento province, respectively; and 4 wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) from Adige river in Bolzano province. All the fish were weighted, measured and then subjected to parasitological examination, with more attention to swim bladder. Parasites were isolated, rinsed in deionized water, fixed in 70% ethanol and clarified by Amman’s lactophenol for morphological studies. Prevalence values (%), Mean Intensity (MI) and Abundance (A) have been calculated according to Bush et al., 1997, J.Parasitol., 83: 575-583. Sixty-four (64.6%) out of 99 rainbow trout were positive for nematodes (MI=13.4,A=8.64); 35 (55.5%) out of 63 fish (MI=12.6, A=7) from F1, 26 (86.6%) out of 30 (MI=14.7, A=12.7) from F2 and 3 (50%) out of 6 (MI=53, A=26,5) from the wild. Only 1 (25%) out of the 4 wild brown trout were parasitized by 31 nematodes. All the parasites were identified as Cystidicola farionis. In F1, 4 samples of parasite amphipods described as intermediate host of C. farionis, have been collected upstream and within the tanks by a plankton net. Amphipods were transported alive to the laboratory and then examined for the presence of larval nematodes at the dissection microscope. The larvae were isolated, fixed in 5% buffered formalin and submitted to morphological study. A total of 4505 amphipods, all identified as Echinogammarus spp., have been examined. One hundred-four larvae referable mainly to third stage, L3 of C. farionis were found (MI=1.22, ranging from 1 to 5 larvae/amphipod) in 85 (1.9%) amphipods. A slightly higher positivity (2.1%) for C. farionis larvae has been observed inside the farm compared to upstream (1.7%), and the highest prevalence value (8.4%) has been observed in the month of October. In Europe the occurrence of C. farionis is documented in several northern and central European countries, including the European part of Russia, but its report in Italy is quite recent (Gustinelli et al., 2008, Ittiopatologia, 5:87-97). On the basis of this study C. farionis spread from Adige river to other water systems involving also trout farms with a potential impact on their commercial value. Infected farms show common features such as a not-intensive management, with particular reference to low biomass density and integrative feeding, leading the fish to feed on natural preys as amphipods and allowing the development of C. farionis life cycle. The increasing presence of C. farionis in Italian salmonid species confirms its stable introduction in both freshwater wild and farming environments and give a strong warning on the hazard of the introduction of not-monitored fish and their exotic parasites that could become a risk factor on national scale.
Cavazza G., Gustinelli A., Menconi V., Caffara M., Fioravanti M.L. (2014). EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE OF CYSTIDICOLA FARIONIS (NEMATODA: CYSTIDICOLIDAE), PARASITE OF SALMONIDS SPREADING IN ITALY.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE OF CYSTIDICOLA FARIONIS (NEMATODA: CYSTIDICOLIDAE), PARASITE OF SALMONIDS SPREADING IN ITALY
GUSTINELLI, ANDREA;CAFFARA, MONICA;FIORAVANTI, MARIALETIZIA
2014
Abstract
A parasitological survey has been carried out in wild and farmed salmonids from northern Italy in order to clarify the current diffusion of the swimbladder nematode Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), reported since 2006 in wild salmonids from Adige river in the Bolzano province. 314 315 P ARASSITI DELLA FAUNA ACQUATICA P ARASSITI DELLA FAUNA ACQUATICA POSTER 06 POSTER 06 XXVIII Congresso Nazionale SoIPa, Roma 24-27 giugno 2014 XXVIII Congresso Nazionale SoIPa, Roma 24-27 giugno 2014 P06.3 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE OF CYSTIDICOLA FARIONIS (NEMATODA: CYSTIDICOLIDAE), PARASITE OF SALMONIDS SPREADING IN ITALY Cavazza G. [1] , Gustinelli A. * [1] , Menconi V. [1] , Caffara M. [1] , Fioravanti M.L. [1] [1] Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna ~ Bologna ~ Italy INTRODUCTION: A parasitological survey has been carried out in wild and farmed salmonids from northern Italy in order to clarify the current diffusion of the swimbladder nematode Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), reported since 2006 in wild salmonids from Adige river in the Bolzano province. From July 2012 to September 2013 a total of 103 trouts have been examined, in particular 99 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 6 wild from Adige river in Bolzano province, 63 and 30 rainbow trout from a farm in Vicenza province (F1) and a farm (F2) located in Trento province, respectively; and 4 wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) from Adige river in Bolzano province. All the fish were weighted, measured and then subjected to parasitological examination, with more attention to swim bladder. Parasites were isolated, rinsed in deionized water, fixed in 70% ethanol and clarified by Amman’s lactophenol for morphological studies. Prevalence values (%), Mean Intensity (MI) and Abundance (A) have been calculated according to Bush et al., 1997, J.Parasitol., 83: 575-583. Sixty-four (64.6%) out of 99 rainbow trout were positive for nematodes (MI=13.4,A=8.64); 35 (55.5%) out of 63 fish (MI=12.6, A=7) from F1, 26 (86.6%) out of 30 (MI=14.7, A=12.7) from F2 and 3 (50%) out of 6 (MI=53, A=26,5) from the wild. Only 1 (25%) out of the 4 wild brown trout were parasitized by 31 nematodes. All the parasites were identified as Cystidicola farionis. In F1, 4 samples of parasite amphipods described as intermediate host of C. farionis, have been collected upstream and within the tanks by a plankton net. Amphipods were transported alive to the laboratory and then examined for the presence of larval nematodes at the dissection microscope. The larvae were isolated, fixed in 5% buffered formalin and submitted to morphological study. A total of 4505 amphipods, all identified as Echinogammarus spp., have been examined. One hundred-four larvae referable mainly to third stage, L3 of C. farionis were found (MI=1.22, ranging from 1 to 5 larvae/amphipod) in 85 (1.9%) amphipods. A slightly higher positivity (2.1%) for C. farionis larvae has been observed inside the farm compared to upstream (1.7%), and the highest prevalence value (8.4%) has been observed in the month of October. In Europe the occurrence of C. farionis is documented in several northern and central European countries, including the European part of Russia, but its report in Italy is quite recent (Gustinelli et al., 2008, Ittiopatologia, 5:87-97). On the basis of this study C. farionis spread from Adige river to other water systems involving also trout farms with a potential impact on their commercial value. Infected farms show common features such as a not-intensive management, with particular reference to low biomass density and integrative feeding, leading the fish to feed on natural preys as amphipods and allowing the development of C. farionis life cycle. The increasing presence of C. farionis in Italian salmonid species confirms its stable introduction in both freshwater wild and farming environments and give a strong warning on the hazard of the introduction of not-monitored fish and their exotic parasites that could become a risk factor on national scale.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
