Close Companies in Italy

CONTENTS: I. Introduction. II. Company Limited by Shares. III. Limited Partnership by Shares. IV. Limited Liability Company: 1. Amendments to «common» Limited Liability Company in 2013; 2. The Simplified Limited Liability Company (s.r.l.s.): new art. 2463 bis c.c.; 3. The Limited Liability Company with Reduced Capital; 4. Innovative Start-up incorporated as Limited Liability Company. V. The Single Member companies: the Sole Quota Holder (s.r.l.) and the Sole Shareholder (s.p.a.). VI. Relationship between Italian reforms and the situation in some other Member States. VII. Reasons for the introduction of the European Private Company.