High-power supercapacitors are key energy storage/conversion systems for applications ranging from sustainable transportation to grid-connected renewable energy plants. Research activity worldwide is focused today on developing systems of increased specific energy without sacrificing power capability and cycling stability. Here we shall focus on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as solvent-free electrolytes in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), which represent a powerful strategy for the development of safe, high-energy supercapacitors. The features of solvent-free IL/electrode interface are reported and an overview of the physico-chemical properties of the most investigated ILs is given to highlight the main requirements for an effective use of ILs in supercapacitors. The properties of carbon electrode materials for IL-based EDLCs, which should be tailored in relation to the nature of the IL, are discussed and particular emphasis is given to carbon porosity and surface chemistry. Cell configurations of IL-based EDLCs, which make possible high voltages and high specific energy, are also described in some detail and the most recent advances in IL-based EDLCs are reviewed.
EDLCs Based on Solvent-Free ionic Liquids
LAZZARI, MARIACHIARA;ARBIZZANI, CATIA;SOAVI, FRANCESCA;MASTRAGOSTINO, MARINA
2013
Abstract
High-power supercapacitors are key energy storage/conversion systems for applications ranging from sustainable transportation to grid-connected renewable energy plants. Research activity worldwide is focused today on developing systems of increased specific energy without sacrificing power capability and cycling stability. Here we shall focus on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as solvent-free electrolytes in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), which represent a powerful strategy for the development of safe, high-energy supercapacitors. The features of solvent-free IL/electrode interface are reported and an overview of the physico-chemical properties of the most investigated ILs is given to highlight the main requirements for an effective use of ILs in supercapacitors. The properties of carbon electrode materials for IL-based EDLCs, which should be tailored in relation to the nature of the IL, are discussed and particular emphasis is given to carbon porosity and surface chemistry. Cell configurations of IL-based EDLCs, which make possible high voltages and high specific energy, are also described in some detail and the most recent advances in IL-based EDLCs are reviewed.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
