The article examines the relationship between Berengar I (888–924) and the notarii and iudices domni regis, situating it within the long-term processes that, between the ninth and tenth centuries, led to the formation of a legal elite connected to the royal palace of Pavia. Starting from the episode of the conspiracy of the Pavia judges in 929, involving Walperto and Everardus Gezo, the study reconstructs the social profiles, career trajectories, and political dynamics that characterized this group of legal professionals, custodians of the tradition of iustitia regia and key actors in the public representation of power. After recalling the relevant historiographical tradition, the contribution focuses on two central issues: on the one hand, Berengar’s initially difficult relationship with the Pavia legal elite, undermined by his prolonged absence from the capital and by the control exercised by the Spoletan emperors; on the other hand, the subsequent reorganization of royal justice, marked by the king’s return to the placitum and by the multiplication of judges bearing the royal title. Particular attention is devoted to the extension of the title of iudex and notarius domni regis beyond Pavia, interpreted as a political strategy aimed at forging a direct link with urban elites, especially in Milan, but not in Verona, where no comparable royal intervention can be observed, probably because it was unnecessary in that context. In the final phase of his reign, Berengar succeeded in re-establishing his relationship with the king’s judges, constructing a broader and more articulated network of iudices and notarii domni imperatoris, without severing their connection with the Pavesan center of the kingdom, and anticipating dynamics that would find their full development under Hugh of Provence.
Il saggio prende in esame il rapporto tra Berengario I (888-924) e i notai e giudici domni regis, collocandolo nel quadro dei processi di lunga durata che, tra IX e X secolo, portarono alla formazione di un’élite giuridica legata al palazzo regio di Pavia. Muovendo dall’episodio della congiura dei giudici pavesi del 929, con protagonisti Walperto ed Everardo Gezo, lo studio ricostruisce i profili sociali, le traiettorie di carriera e le dinamiche politiche che caratterizzarono questo gruppo di professionisti della giustizia, depositari della tradizione della iustitia regia e protagonisti della rappresentazione pubblica del potere. Dopo aver richiamato l'importante tradizione storiografica sul tema, l’intervento si concentra su due nodi centrali: da un lato il difficile rapporto iniziale di Berengario con l’élite giuridica pavese, compromesso dalla sua lunga assenza dalla capitale e dal controllo esercitato dagli imperatori spoletini; dall’altro la successiva riorganizzazione della giustizia regia, con il ritorno del re sulla scena placitaria e la moltiplicazione dei giudici insigniti del titolo regio. Particolare attenzione è dedicata all’estensione del titolo di iudex e notarius domni regis fuori da Pavia, letta come scelta politica volta a creare un legame diretto con le élites cittadine, soprattutto a Milano, ma non a Verona, dove non si assiste a un simile intervento regio, probabilmente superfluo in quel contesto. Nella fase finale del regno, Berengario riuscì a recuperare il rapporto con i giudici del re, costruendo una rete più ampia e articolata di iudices e notarii domni imperatoris, senza spezzarne il legame con il centro pavese del regno, e anticipando dinamiche che troveranno pieno sviluppo sotto Ugo di Provenza.
Vignodelli, G. (2025). Berengario I e i giudici del re: notarii e iudices domni regis da Pavia al regno (888-924). Spoleto : CISAM.
Berengario I e i giudici del re: notarii e iudices domni regis da Pavia al regno (888-924)
Giacomo Vignodelli
2025
Abstract
The article examines the relationship between Berengar I (888–924) and the notarii and iudices domni regis, situating it within the long-term processes that, between the ninth and tenth centuries, led to the formation of a legal elite connected to the royal palace of Pavia. Starting from the episode of the conspiracy of the Pavia judges in 929, involving Walperto and Everardus Gezo, the study reconstructs the social profiles, career trajectories, and political dynamics that characterized this group of legal professionals, custodians of the tradition of iustitia regia and key actors in the public representation of power. After recalling the relevant historiographical tradition, the contribution focuses on two central issues: on the one hand, Berengar’s initially difficult relationship with the Pavia legal elite, undermined by his prolonged absence from the capital and by the control exercised by the Spoletan emperors; on the other hand, the subsequent reorganization of royal justice, marked by the king’s return to the placitum and by the multiplication of judges bearing the royal title. Particular attention is devoted to the extension of the title of iudex and notarius domni regis beyond Pavia, interpreted as a political strategy aimed at forging a direct link with urban elites, especially in Milan, but not in Verona, where no comparable royal intervention can be observed, probably because it was unnecessary in that context. In the final phase of his reign, Berengar succeeded in re-establishing his relationship with the king’s judges, constructing a broader and more articulated network of iudices and notarii domni imperatoris, without severing their connection with the Pavesan center of the kingdom, and anticipating dynamics that would find their full development under Hugh of Provence.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


