Decarbonizzazione dell’ambiente costruito. Visione strategica e traiettorie di ricerca

This chapter addresses the pressing but still inconsistently addressed challenge of decarbonising the built environment, framing it as a key component of the broader ecological transition. It explores global and regional energy dynamics, showing how fossil fuel dependency remains high despite the growing share of renewables. Through a focus on Europe and Italy, the chapter illustrates progress made, persistent gaps, and the risks of an unequal transition that favours wealthier countries. It reflects on the mix of political will, technological innovation, and social engagement needed to reduce emissions in sectors like transport, industry, and buildings. Emphasis is placed on the importance of integrated strategies and inclusive governance, from the European Green Deal to local actions, alongside the role of research in areas such as energy efficiency, green hydrogen, circular economy, and citizen participation. The chapter closes by advocating for a vision of decarbonisation that is not only technical, but also cultural and social, rooted in climate justice and collective responsibility.