This paper offers a critical analysis of the transformations that have reshaped the pre-tenure pathway in the Italian academic system over the past twenty-five years, profoundly redefining the career trajectories of Early Career Academics (ECAs). The analysis is grounded in a theoretical framework informed by neoliberal university governance, which enables a deeper understanding of how reforms – from the Moratti Law (2005) and the Gelmini Law (2010) to the recent PNRR2 decree (2022) and the DDL 1240 bill (2024) – have contributed to the progressive precarisation of academic profession. The introduction of new contractual arrangements, selective evaluation mechanisms, and highly uneven tenure-track models has created a landscape marked by uncertainty, competition, and structural inequalities. The system appears increasingly fragmented and polarised, especially disadvantaging early-stage researchers who are not embedded in powerful academic networks or who are affiliated with peripheral institutions. The paper further highlights the persistence of gender inequalities, disciplinary asymmetries, and marginalised conditions that remain largely invisible yet structurally significant. The broader picture is one of an academic profession shaped by managerialism, hyper-performance evaluation, and contractual fragmentation, where the pursuit of excellence coexists with chronic job insecurity. The article concludes by calling for a fundamental rethinking of university governance in order to promote equity, inclusion, and sustainability for the next generation of scholars.

Il presente contributo analizza criticamente le trasformazioni che, negli ultimi venticinque anni, hanno interessato il percorso pre-ruolo nel sistema accademico italiano, ridefinendo profondamente le traiettorie professionali degli Early Career Academics (ECA). Attraverso un inquadramento teorico che richiama la governance neoliberale dell’università, si evidenzia come le riforme – dalla Legge Moratti (2005) alla Legge Gelmini (2010), fino al recente decreto PNRR2 (2022) e al DDL 1240 (2024) – abbiano contribuito alla progressiva precarizzazione della carriera accademica. L’introduzione di nuovi contratti, meccanismi di valutazione selettivi e modelli di tenure track fortemente diseguali ha determinato un contesto di crescente incertezza, competizione e diseguaglianza. In particolare, il sistema appare segmentato e polarizzato, penalizzando i giovani ricercatori non inseriti in reti accademiche consolidate o provenienti da atenei periferici. Inoltre, il contributo mette in luce come le disuguaglianze di genere, le asimmetrie disciplinari e le condizioni di marginalità restino in gran parte invisibili, ma strutturalmente rilevanti. Il quadro che emerge è quello di un sistema accademico attraversato da processi di managerializzazione, valutazione iper-performativa e frammentazione contrattuale, in cui le aspettative di eccellenza coesistono con condizioni lavorative instabili. L’articolo conclude proponendo la necessità di un ripensamento profondo del modello di governance universitaria, al fine di garantire equità, inclusione e sostenibilità alle nuove generazioni di studiosi.

Villani, M. (2025). Early Career Academics in Italia: scenari in divenire delle riforme del pre-ruolo. Roma : RomaTrePress [10.13134/979-12-5977-462-0].

Early Career Academics in Italia: scenari in divenire delle riforme del pre-ruolo

Villani, M
Primo
2025

Abstract

This paper offers a critical analysis of the transformations that have reshaped the pre-tenure pathway in the Italian academic system over the past twenty-five years, profoundly redefining the career trajectories of Early Career Academics (ECAs). The analysis is grounded in a theoretical framework informed by neoliberal university governance, which enables a deeper understanding of how reforms – from the Moratti Law (2005) and the Gelmini Law (2010) to the recent PNRR2 decree (2022) and the DDL 1240 bill (2024) – have contributed to the progressive precarisation of academic profession. The introduction of new contractual arrangements, selective evaluation mechanisms, and highly uneven tenure-track models has created a landscape marked by uncertainty, competition, and structural inequalities. The system appears increasingly fragmented and polarised, especially disadvantaging early-stage researchers who are not embedded in powerful academic networks or who are affiliated with peripheral institutions. The paper further highlights the persistence of gender inequalities, disciplinary asymmetries, and marginalised conditions that remain largely invisible yet structurally significant. The broader picture is one of an academic profession shaped by managerialism, hyper-performance evaluation, and contractual fragmentation, where the pursuit of excellence coexists with chronic job insecurity. The article concludes by calling for a fundamental rethinking of university governance in order to promote equity, inclusion, and sustainability for the next generation of scholars.
2025
L’Università dall'autonomia all'eteronomia? Come riequilibrare un percorso critico
121
140
Villani, M. (2025). Early Career Academics in Italia: scenari in divenire delle riforme del pre-ruolo. Roma : RomaTrePress [10.13134/979-12-5977-462-0].
Villani, M
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Early Career Academics in Italia.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Capitolo in volume
Tipo: Versione (PDF) editoriale / Version Of Record
Licenza: Licenza per Accesso Aperto. Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate (CCBYNCND)
Dimensione 694.87 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
694.87 kB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1015369
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact