Patient Position and General Setting in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful and cost-effective ortho- pedics surgeries. It provides reliable and enduring outcomes for patients suffering from end-stage degenerative hip osteoarthritis, congenital hip disorders, avascular necrosis of femoral head, inflammatory diseases, and trauma sequelae [1, 2]. Studies conducted in the United States have projected an almost 200% increase in the demand for total hip arthroplasty by 2030 based on current rates. Various surgical approaches exist for THA, the most frequently performed being the direct lateral, posterior, and direct anterior approaches [3]. While each approach retains its dis- tinct characteristics, a common thread among them all is the critical emphasis on the precise positioning of patients. The efficacy of the procedure hinges on meticulous patient positioning, optimal pelvis’ alignment, and stability throughout the surgical process. This chapter is dedicated to understanding the importance of patient posi- tioning and the overall setup in the context of THA in the three most frequently performed approaches.