Dvujazyčie i migracii v russkojazyčnych obščnostjach

В докладе рассматривается языковая ситуация в русскоязычных общностях Италии, США и Израиля. Автор анализирует схожие и отличительные черты в формировании и развитии данных языковых общностей, анализирует причины формирования новой идентичности, языкового поведения носителей языка в условиях адаптации к новым социальным условиям. The aim of this research project is analyzing contemporary Russian speaking communities in different social and linguistic settings in order to identify divergent or common features, concerning language maintenance vs decay, group integration (or assimilation) vs insertion without integration. The same survey has been developed in Italy, New York, USA and Israel in very different Russian speaking groups: in Italy we dealt with Russian ethnic people or Russian speaking people coming from different countries of the former USSR, in New York we analyzed the Brighton Beach community context as well as in Israel the Russian speaking Jewish community in Tel Aviv. These different settings shows very interesting similar linguistic attitudes, but different loyalty and consciousness in identity perception. Another interesting aspect we tried to investigate is how the formation of a new identity can affect the linguistic behavior of bilingual migration people.