Direct and Indirect Land-Use competition issues for energy crops in EU-27

This review of several varying approaches to iLUC substantiates that, in principle, GHG emissions can be quantified and reductions implemented by appropriate policies. Such approaches can (and should) be refi ned and substantiated using better data on direct LUC trends from global monitoring, and be further improved by adding more accurate estimates of future trade patterns where appropriate. This brief discussion of current policies and options to reduce iLUC has identifi ed a variety of approaches and options so that a quantifi ed iLUC factor could be translated into practical regulations – both mandatory and voluntary – with few restrictions.