The Author retraces the constitutionally relevant notion of work pursuant to art. 35 of the Constitution, blaming on the legal scholarship and jurisprudence of the last century the compression of the scope of application of labor protection, unduly limited to the work carried out under hierarchical subordination. This approach, facilitated by the interpretation of the notion of "coordination" referred to in art. 409, no. 3, Civil Procedure Code as an attenuated directive power, today is finally contradicted by two systematically very important regulations: on the one hand, art. 15 of the l. n. 81 of 2017 which clarifies that coordination is always bilateral; on the other hand, art. 2 of Legislative Decree no. 81/2015, as amended by Law no. 128/2019, by which the legal frame work of subordinate work is applied to every personal activity continuously integrated in an organization unilaterally prearranged by its owner. These regulatory innovations, also in light of the most recent case-law, force the Author to believe that the phase shift between the notion of constitutionally relevant work and the effects of protection has been welded, while at the same time having adapted the object of labor law to the new, even impersonal, forms of integration of personal work in the company.

L’A. ricostruisce la nozione di lavoro costituzionalmente rilevante ai sensi dell’art. 35, Cost., imputando alla dottrina e alla giurisprudenza dello scorso secolo la riduzione del raggio d’azione della tutela lavoristica, indebitamente circoscritta al solo lavoro svolto in regime di subordinazione gerarchica. Quest’impostazione, favorita dall’interpretazione della nozione di “coordinamento” di cui all’art. 409, n. 3, c.p.c. come potere direttivo attenuato è oggi, finalmente, contraddetta da due disposizioni molto rilevanti sul piano sistematico: per un verso, l’art. 15 della l. n. 81 del 2017, il quale chiarisce che il coordinamento è sempre bilaterale; per altro verso, l’art. 2 del d.lgs. n. 81/2015, come novellato dalla l. 128/2019, in base al quale si applica la disciplina del lavoro subordinato a ogni attività personale, iscritta, con continuità, in un’organizzazione unilateralmente predisposta dal suo titolare. Tali innovazioni normative, anche alla luce della più recente giurisprudenza, spingono l’A. a ritenere che si sia saldata la sfasatura tra la nozione di lavoro costituzionalmente rilevante e gli effetti di tutela, adeguando, al contempo, l’oggetto del diritto del lavoro alle nuove forme, anche impersonali, d’integrazione del facere personale nell’impresa.

La tutela del lavoro nel prisma dell'art. 35 Cost.

Federico Martelloni
2020

Abstract

The Author retraces the constitutionally relevant notion of work pursuant to art. 35 of the Constitution, blaming on the legal scholarship and jurisprudence of the last century the compression of the scope of application of labor protection, unduly limited to the work carried out under hierarchical subordination. This approach, facilitated by the interpretation of the notion of "coordination" referred to in art. 409, no. 3, Civil Procedure Code as an attenuated directive power, today is finally contradicted by two systematically very important regulations: on the one hand, art. 15 of the l. n. 81 of 2017 which clarifies that coordination is always bilateral; on the other hand, art. 2 of Legislative Decree no. 81/2015, as amended by Law no. 128/2019, by which the legal frame work of subordinate work is applied to every personal activity continuously integrated in an organization unilaterally prearranged by its owner. These regulatory innovations, also in light of the most recent case-law, force the Author to believe that the phase shift between the notion of constitutionally relevant work and the effects of protection has been welded, while at the same time having adapted the object of labor law to the new, even impersonal, forms of integration of personal work in the company.
2020
Federico Martelloni
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/805644
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