Sprinkler irrigation systems: State-of-the-art of kinematic analysis and quantum mechanics applied to water jets

The description of liquid jets crossing a gas is common to many scientific issues, and in particular sprinkler irrigation in the agricultural sector is definitely one of the most challenging issues of recent years. In the thematic literature, the classic approach has recently been challenged by the quantum one, generally more suitable to describe interactions among several objects. By using a deeper approach, microscopic insight into the actual mechanics of single water droplets in sprinkler irrigation jets may be carefully described and this represents the first move to find solutions for irrigation problems. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.